Hi everyone,
Just three more weeks, and you will have written your entire research paper!! In-text Citation: In today's lesson, we learned to use use in-text citation. There are three types of in-text citation that you can use in your research paper: a. quotations b. paraphrases c. summaries We need to use in-text citation to support our own ideas. If we use the opinions of others and statistical information, this improves the credibility of your research paper. In other words, the reader will trust your opinions. Also, we need to use in-text citation to avoid plagiarism (= copy somebody’s idea and claim it as your own). If you use another person’s idea, you must tell the reader where you got that information. Quotations: We looked at different styles of using in-text citation and focused on how to cite direct and second-hand quotes. Pay careful attention to difference between direct and second-hand quotes. 1. Direct Quote When you use a direct quote, you are quoting the information directly from your source. For example: James says that “Less than half of all internet users use English as their native language, and this figure continues to decrease” (3). This tells us that James said the quote and you can find the quote on page 3 of James’ source. 2. Second-hand Quote When you use a second-hand quote, you are quoting a quote from your source. For example, President of the Council of Ministers for the European Union, Anna Lindh, says that “Russian, Mandarin, French, German, Spanish, Portuguese, and Japanese have all been guilty of extinguishing other languages” (qtd. in James 3). This tells us that Lindh said the quote, but Lindh did NOT write the source. James uses this quote in his source and you can find it on page 3. Homework: 1. Body Paragraph #1
Blog Question #5:
20 Comments
AW-Kyosuke
11/3/2013 01:10:52 am
I had some challenges, such as not taking care of mistakes of grammar and thinking about allotment of words. Of course, grammar is one of the important points when we write English sentences. However, I think the organization and contents are more important than grammar. Also, writing things in our mind at random means wasting the meaning of outline that we really had difficulties in. That’s why I paid attention to allotment of words.
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AW-Utako
11/3/2013 01:33:19 pm
I tried not to make grammar or spelling mistakes when I wrote body paragraph. Moreover, I pay attention the structure of sentences. I tried to use funnel organizations for my supporting ideas and details. And I was careful of in-text citations without making mistakes. I reviewed last week's class to do this. These are my challenges to write body paragraph.
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AW-Hitomi
11/3/2013 01:52:57 pm
I had some challenges when I wrote body paragraph. One of them is translation of Japanese source into English. There were of course many difficult words for me to find English ones. The other one is order of information. I tried to pay attention to where to put sources.
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AW-Keita
11/4/2013 11:57:15 am
When I wrote body paragraph, some challenges bothered me. For example, to translate difficult words to plain one. My topics are specific, so I have to explain and change them not so as to be long or difficult. It's too difficult for me, but, in the same time, it was pleased. Next, I cared about grammar mistakes and words. We are required to write research paper following academic style, so words which are used in the paper must be academic or correct ones. There is no better way to learn how to write a paper approximately. By some mistakes, we can learn it. Writing a paper step by step is useful to recognize what each one's mistakes as Ancient Romans said, "A repetition is a mother of study". I want to try to get those skills step by step.
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AW-Yuki
11/4/2013 01:13:36 pm
First of all, it was hard for me to fit the words into the required number of words. When I first finished the body paragraph 1, it had more about 480 words. What I did was to cut some details and summarize the contents. In that process, I changed the direct quote to second-hand quote. By doing this, sentences became small. With the great effort, I was finally able to cut 140 words. Secondly, I did not know what to put after the in-text citation when the source is from video or YouTube. I should have asked Professor Takeda in the class.
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AW-Daiki
11/4/2013 03:16:02 pm
I had some challenges when I wrote body paragraph#1. First of all, funnel organization was difficult for me. We have write some information with proper order. I know this will help readers to understand our reserch papers and also this is correct way of writing. So i changed order manx times to do them perfectly. Secondly, I had a difficulty cutting words and sentences to make my body paragraph 300 words. I used many sources, so when I finished writing my body paragraph at first, words were more than 300 words. So I cut unnecessary adverbs and not important sentences. As a result, i made my body paragraph about 300 words.
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AW-Moe
11/4/2013 08:27:13 pm
I have some challenges to write my body paragraph#1. First one is not making grammar mistakes. It was a little difficult for me but I tried it. Second one is using studies or professional opinions to support my ideas. I think using them is good to make my ideas persuasive. However, my body paragraph#1 becomes too long if I use them too much and I think it is bad, so I tried to use them maximum two in there. Final one is that funnel organization. When I wrote my body paragraph#1, It became too general, so I tried to make it more specific.
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AW: Haruna
11/4/2013 09:12:11 pm
When I wrote a body paragraph, I challenged to quote the words in Disney movies. To quate them, I watched many movies. I also tried using correct racial descriptions, altough It was difficult for me.
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Riki
11/4/2013 09:15:40 pm
I had some challenges writing body paragraph #1. One was the funnel organization. I had trouble first at it. I was able to specify the subject at the end. I also had trouble with grammar. I always have trouble with this. Especially in Research papers the grammar needs to be more precise compared to a normal essay. I hope I can improve on my grammar. We are doing this step by step to make sure we are doing the paper right. We are also learning the MLA style.
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AW-Sae
11/5/2013 06:30:51 am
When I wrote body paragraph#1, I tried not to make spelling or grammar mistakes in it. Firstly,I tried to get rid of small mistakes that I understand if said.In addition, I was careful about not only the grammar but also how to write quotations. Above all, the particularly hard thing was to follow number of the letters restrictions. Since my body paragraph had more about 500 words at first, I cut unnecessary sentences. Then it got closer to 300 words.
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In my bodyparagraph#1, I tried to take care of grammar. I did a lot of grammar mistakes in introduction, so I have to decrease the mistakes. And I also tried to write my body paragraph#1 with funnel organization. I often write only general things when I write essay. It was difficult to make my research paper in funnel organization. I think we write our research papers step by step to make it easy. It is too difficult to write 1500words at once. And it is easier to make our thinking surely to ourselves. Moreover, if we write our research papers step by step, we can correct our mistakes easily. This is why we write research paper step by step.
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AW-Naoko
11/5/2013 09:40:10 am
I had some challenges to write my Body Paragraph#1. First, it was about how to make sentenses. When I wanted to write similar content again, I paid attention not to use the same sentense and to use other expression. For example, using "such as" instead of "like" or using "Japanese English speakers" instead of "EFL speakers in Japan" and so on. Second, I challenged to use specific examples. It became more persuasive and easy for readers to understand by using some examples.
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AW-Rina.T
11/5/2013 10:19:56 am
When I wrote body paragraph#1, I tried not to repeat same things. Moreover, in my introduction, there were a lot of mistakes of organization. Therefore, I paid attenton to construction of sentences. It is difficult for me to translate Japanese sources into English. So, I want to practice through writing body paragraph#2 and #3. It is also difficult for me to put in 300 words. I had to cut the sentences and summarize that I want to say.
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AW-Moena
11/5/2013 01:06:11 pm
When I wrote body paragraph 1, I tried not to make mistakes of grammar. It is because I made a lot that kind of mistakes in writing Introduction. And also, I paid more attention to use funnel organization for body paragraph, especially supporting idea. Moreover, I had challenge for in-text citation. In using sources, I paid attention to whether this sources support to understand and improve reliability.
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AW-Rina.S
11/5/2013 01:41:47 pm
I had some challenges to write body paragraph #1. The funnel organization is one of them for me. I had a difficult time distinguishing which sentence is specific and general. Moreover, I also had a trouble with a place that I should put quotations in my body paragraph#1. Because I wanted to write it effectively.
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AW-Shota
11/5/2013 02:17:03 pm
I had trouble writing the body paragraph in a funnel organization. Some sentences were specific in about the same rate and which came first and next was a little confusing. Yet, finding sources for the citing process was not as difficult as I expected and found it quite fun.
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AW-Ayana
11/5/2013 02:55:05 pm
When I wrote the body paragraph, I was careful about include the topic sentence and two supporting ideas. This can include quotations or paraphrased passages with the proper documentation. Also, it is important to choose evidence. Evidence is also another form of support for my paragraph. Lastly, conclusion is main things I think. Concluding sentence of the paragraph should reiterate the main point of the paragraph as a way to conclude the paragraph.
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AW-Yuri
11/5/2013 02:57:56 pm
When I wrote body paragraph, I had some challenges. Firstly, I tried not to make mistakes of grammar, spelling, and in-text citation. Secondly, I challenged to cut unnecessary sentences. When I finished to write my body paragraph, it was more than 300 words. I had to cut some sentences. It was difficult to select which sentences were not needed. I cut some direct quote and not important sentences. Finally, I could write my body paragraph about 300words.
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AW-Shuhei
11/5/2013 04:43:28 pm
when I wrote body paragraph#1, I felt some challenges. First, I don't have many vocabulary. So if possible, I am careful not to use same phrase. It is challenge for me. But it improve my vocabulary. Second, I try to use many sources. I want to write research paper on many position. So if possible, I write research paper by using many sources.
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AW-Shota (previou one miss-sent)
11/5/2013 04:51:48 pm
I had trouble writing the body paragraph in a funnel organization. Some sentences were specific in about the same rate and which came first and next was a little confusing. Yet, finding sources for the citing process was not as difficult as I expected and found it quite fun. Furthermore, the 300 words required turned out not to be much trouble. With so much informations to write about, it is more difficult to cut it down to the right amount. With this pace, I hope to finish the next assignment in no time.
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